What Are the Best Foundation Arts?

In the ever growing world of martial arts, more and more people are learning more and more styles and mixing them together. Although there is no single most effective style of martial art, it ultimately comes down to the individual, certain martial arts make better foundation arts. A "foundation art" is a style of fighting that a practitioner begins with and builds a repertoire on top of. It also serves as comfort zone or means of recourse that the practitioner can go back to if the fight is getting really tough. There are specific qualities that must be exhibited by a martial art to fit into the small selection of good foundational arts. First, the less amount of material that must be discarded or changed, the better. Idealistically, there shouldn't be any. Tae Kwon Do for example, although an exceptional martial art with beautiful and effective kicking and outside distance techniques, makes a poor foundational art because a large amount of material that must be discarded to make it one-hundred percent effective. Outdated blocking techniques and punches from the hip aren't going to work in a full contact bout or a realistic altercation. Those ineffective techniques must be discarded and it is this type of problem that good foundation arts must avoid. Second, a good foundation art should also allow the practitioner ease of transition between techniques of various arts. What follows are several arts that best follow these criteria. Keep in mind, there is no single best style and all martial arts have their specific uses. This is a list of martial arts specifically chosen as the best choices for foundational arts from which to build upon to achieve success in full contact, mixed martial art bouts or realistic altercations.

(1) Wrestling
There may be no better foundational art than free-style or Greco Roman wrestling. Wrestling provides excellent balance because of the low center of gravity in it's stances and it is very easily combined with other grappling and even striking arts. Wrestlers are some of the most well conditioned athletes in the world and the mental discipline it provides is second to none. There are very few styles that produce tougher fighters than wrestlers. You can beat a wrestler senseless and they won't quit. They make you quit. Although there are many grappling arts around the world, the take downs in wrestling are by far the best. Another advantage is emotional content in the execution of technique. many fighting styles produce fighters with good technique who lack conviction. Wrestlers put conviction behind every movement. When they take you down, they run right through you and take you to the mat hard. Their sense of competitiveness is visual in every action. In short, wrestlers are dangerous and are usually the fastest to pick up other martial arts. Joe Lewis and Bill Wallace, though famous for their kickboxing careers, both share wrestling as their foundational art. Other phenomenal wrestlers or wrestling based fighters in the martial arts game include George St. Pierre, Matt Hughes, and Chael Sonnen.

(2) Boxing
When it comes to foundational arts, few compare to "the sweet science". Perhaps the most technically advanced and scientific fighting art, boxing is the premiere example of a style in which everything works. Boxing provides the best footwork in sports and because it features only four techniques, the jab, cross, hook, and uppercut, it relies heavily on the use of good strategy. Boxing utilizes feints and faking on a higher level than most fighting arts. Boxer's are also very fast in comparison with many other fighters. And then there's defense. The head rolls, body rolls, shoulder rolls, slips, bobs and weaves of boxing provide better defensive skills than any other style. It is incredibly hard to hit a well trained boxer. And the training grind in the sport of boxing is more intense than most athletic endeavors. All of this, combined with boxing's brilliant use of the jab, which may be the single best technique ever created, make the practice of pugilism one of the best foundation arts there is. It has served as my foundation art since I began the study of combat at age fourteen. History's best boxers include Muhammad Ali, Sugar Ray Robinson, and Willie Pep. One of today's best boxers is current world champion (in eight devisions) Manny Paquiao, and one of UFC's most advanced boxers is current lightweight world champion, Frankie "The Answer" Edgar.








(3) Muay Thai
Undoubtedly, Muay Thai produces some of the toughest fighters in the world. The mentality of Thai fighters finds it's roots in the art's home country of Thailand, where the fighters don't visit the gym every day, but live there. Alongside wresting, Muay Thai produces the toughest fighters I've ever seen. Even if you kill a Thai fighter, his zombie will knock you out. Muay Thai is similar to boxing with several major differences: elbows, knees, kicks, and a vice like clinch. And Muay Thai people don't kick like point fighters, they turn the hip over before releasing the kick for maximum power. And when it hits you, it hits with the shin bone, often targeted to the cutaneous femoral and sciatic nerves in your leg. Elbows are designed to cut across the eyebrows. The knee strikes will break your ribs, cheek bones and nose. Thai fighters are disciplined to fight through these types of injuries, regardless of pain. Muay Thai provides effective technique that is safe for the user, dangerous to the target, and easy to integrate into other disciplines. One of the best Muay Thai fighters in mainstream martial arts today is current UFC middleweight world champion, Anderson "The Spider" Silva.





(4) Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Out of no where in 1993, Brazilian jiu-jtsu practitioners collectively known by their family name, Gracie, shocked the world with a new and dangerous martial art. Wrestling may be the best art for putting people on the ground, but Brazilian jiu-jitsu is by far the best for making sure they don't get back up, at least not without your permission. Brazilian jiu-jitsu wastes no time with ineffective techniques or disciplines, it's all business. Using leverage to lock joints or manipulate your way into a submission, this art is subtle, the smallest advantage leading to victory and the smallest mistake leading to defeat. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has changed much since it's world debut in 1993, but a few things have remained the same: it's dangerous, scientific, versatile, and a great foundation art. Just like boxing, you can use feints and fakes. Instead of faking a punch one way and redirecting it, you could fake a punch and execute a take down, or bait your opponent with false attempts to gain half guard only to pivot into full guard on the other side. It's easy to see how you can blend this with other fighting styles. Some of the best Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners in the world include the Gracies, the Muchado brothers, and B. J. Penn.

Keep in mind, any martial art can be put to use as a foundation art. But it's easier to work with arts that allow you to learn and progress instead of spending time identifying and cutting out the useless stuff. You should pick an art that follows this criteria and fits your own personal fighting mentality. Then blend it with other useful arts to better round out your fight game. For instance, the four arts above can be meshed seamlessly: fake a jab, cut kick the leg and execute a take down, pass the guard and apply a submission. Get the idea?

Arachnophobia In The Octagon

Most spiders are completely harmless. However, the anyone in the UFC's middleweight devision (and occasionally light heavyweight devision) better fear the octagon's resident spider. He's six feet-two, one hundred and eighty-five pounds, and considered by most to be the top pound for pound fighter in modern mixed martial arts. He is none other than Anderson "The Spider" Silva.

With an impressive professional record of 27-4-0, Silva has proven to be an incredibly well rounded fighter with a more diverse martial arts background than many of his competitors. Having studied Tae Kwon Do, Muy Thai, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, and boxing, there aren't many areas of the fight game that will make "The Spider" uncomfortable. In fact, his competitors are still searching for them. After setting a record for both wins without losses and tittle defenses, nobody is sure of what it is that makes Anderson Silva so good. Many people have attempted explaining it but the answers are surface observations: "he's fast" or "he's just so well rounded". What is it that makes this man so much more dangerous than the other top fighters in the octagon? It's hard not to notice, as Forest Griffin observed before his bout with Silva, "he makes really good fighters just look bad". Forest would later find out how right he was.

Although there is much to discuss concerning the competence and skill of Anderson Silva, his largest strategic advantage can be described in single word form: "distancing". To land any kind of offensive, one must be properly distanced, able to cover that distance, and then clear it to avoid being hit themselves. Silva doesn't have the best penetration and clearing in the octagon, that prize goes to Frankie "The Answer" Edgar, but he is the best when it comes to taking advantage of his opponents lack of this same ability. Silva, nine times out of ten, is an elusive "cat and mouse" type fighter, someone who prefers to lead his opponent into a trap. He hangs back, just outside of his opponent's critical distance line and causes fighters to lunge at him. This adds too much hang time at the end of his opponent's technique and leaves them vulnerable to Silva's counter strikes. Notice that Silva rarely ever blocks techniques. He doesn't have to, he is always a few inches out of range when his opponents execute. After gaging the distance and timing of his opponent, causing them to include additional hang time and compromise balance by lunging, Silva will switch from leaning out of techniques to slipping inside them and executing his own. This is a tactic utilized by many outside zone fighters of various fighting styles. Because of this, no one has been able to effectively hit Silva on his terms.

Anderson Silva gets into trouble in two places, usually against wrestlers: against the cage where his distancing abilities are compromised and when he tries to stop a wrestler's take down in their tracks instead of hitting the head or shoulder to the side and using circular footwork. Both of these mistakes are mistakes in distancing and that's where Silva is most vulnerable. Chael Sonnen, Dan Henderson, and Travis Lutter all forced Silva to the cage or coaxed Silva to stand toe to toe with them. It's not that Silva has a bad ground game. Every fighter who has managed taking Anderson to the ground regretted it and tapped out, including all three of the previously mentioned fighters. It's simply that his most impressive asset and consequently what makes Silva look so good, which is his distancing, is compromised against the cage and on the ground.

Of course their are many more assets used by "The Spider" to eliminate his adversaries, including speed, basic angular attack, intimidation, and incredible mental and physical toughness. But I believe I can say with certainty that distancing and timing are the very misunderstood answers people have been searching for. Silva wishes to retire soon and may very well be the first fighter/champion in the UFC to retire undefeated. Until he does, he poses a very real threat to anyone after the twelve pounds of gold around his waist. He rules the cage which, incidentally, is shaped just like a spider's web.